О ТАК НАЗЫВАЕМОЙ «ГЕНЕАЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПРЕЕМСТВЕННОСТИ» В РАЗВИТИИ НЕМЕЦКОГО КЛАССИЧЕСКОГО ИДЕАЛИЗМА

Abstract

Rumyantseva T. G. On the so-called “genealogicalcontinuity” in the development of German classicalidealism. – Article.The article analyzes the scheme reproduced in theSoviet historical, philosophical and educational literatureabout “genealogical continuity”, integrity and thepresence of inherent logic in the development of Germanclassical philosophy. At the same time, it was believedthat all representatives of this intellectual traditionhave a single problem field, a similar understanding ofsystemic and fundamental ideas and concepts. It is shownthat familiarity with the latest scientific developmentsand archival data of recent decades has largely changedthe image of German classics, which allows us to argueabout the excessive simplification of this kind of scheme,its incomplete compliance with the real state of affairs,according to which the tradition of German idealismappears more likely “in the first variety of competingversions of the deployment of philosophical discourse”.The article also shows the ideological engagement of theEngels scheme for the development of German classicalphilosophy, according to which every representativefollowing I. Kant was positioned as superior in the resultsof his predecessor, and all pre-Hegelian systems wereconsidered only as preparations for the creation of Hegel’sand then Marxist philosophy. The author conducts the ideathat today it is quite problematic to assert not only about“genealogical continuity” in the development of Germanclassics, but also about the place of I. Kant, as the ancestorof subsequent idealistic systems of I. Fichte, F. Schellingand G. Hegel. It is shown the specificity of the Kantianreform of metaphysics, which was radically rejected byhis followers, starting with Fichte, who carried out itstransformation on a dialectical basis; it is also revealedthe peculiarities of Kant’s understanding of dialectics,which in no way should be confused with the Hegelianor Marxist version. This does not diminish the role andsignificance of the great Konigsberg’s thinker, but,rather, on the contrary, testifies to the uniqueness of histeachings, thanks to which philosophy has gained a spiritof thoroughness and criticality. This does not diminish therole and significance of the great Konigsberg’s thinker,but, rather, on the contrary, testifies to the uniquenessof his teachings, thanks to which philosophy has gained aspirit of thoroughness and criticality. Thus, we can morescrupulously and accurately approach today the analysisof the historical and philosophical process, getting rid ofmany Soviet stereotypes and clichés, which among otherthings, had an ideologically biased character